Caste & WASH

Gender and WASH illustration
"A transgender colleague was assaulted in a men's restroom for appearing slightly feminine. Many trans persons avoid using public restrooms altogether, risking severe health problems from holding their bladders."
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Kadambari Mayuri Bansod

Secretary, Mangal Mukhi, a trans-rights organisation

Emerging evidence shows that gender differences, gender-dynamics, and power-relationships in the sanitation ecosystem impact people’s access to sanitation, their health, overall development and empowerment.

Gender is about more than biology. It’s about how our culture decides who does which chores, who uses which facilities, and how safe people feel when doing everyday tasks like using a toilet or collecting water. This directly affects access to sanitation because:

 

  • In many communities, women handle household chores like cleaning and fetching water. This can limit their time for education or work.
  • People can face multiple disadvantages based on gender, caste, economic status, or sexual orientation.
  • Transgender and non-binary people may have trouble finding a toilet that feels safe or appropriate for them.

The worst affected among them are the most vulnerable – girls, women, transgenders, children, elderly, person with disability, and sanitation workers.

To learn more, take the Self-Administered Self-Paced Online Training Module on Gender & WASH.

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Online Self-administered Course

Inclusive Sanitation for People with Disabilities

Four Modules I Four Hours

  • Sanitation
  • Caste
  • Transgender

Poor sanitation compromises human dignity, and sanitation is crucial for realising other human rights. The Right to Sanitation (a ‘derivative’ fundamental right under Article 21 (Right to Life) of the Constitution) provides a tool for women to challenge and resist, politically and legally. While it brings the State under an obligation to make the enjoyment of RTS a reality for everyone, it casts a special obligation on the State to take measures to prevent discriminatory and oppressive practices against women.

Read the Knowledge Brief on the Right to Sanitation

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Learn more - Occupational health and safety of sanitation workers.

The Center for Inclusive WaSH offers a range of resources and services for you to understand Gender & WASH, and integrate it into your practice

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Research Study

Formative Assessment on Gender Dimension in Sanitation Ecosystem in India

  • Sanitation
  • Caste
  • Transgender
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Handout

Gender aur Swachhata ki Samajh

  • Sanitation
  • Caste
  • Transgender
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Knowledge Brief

Right to sanitation a gender prespective

  • Sanitation
  • Caste
  • Transgender

Meet the Resource Persons on Gender & WASH

Dr. Abha Khetarpal

she/her
Gender & WASH

Independent Consultant, Disability Rights Advocate, Psychotherapist, and Educator

Languages

English, Hindi

Rituparna Neog

she/them
Gender & WASH

Director, Akam Foundation

Languages

English, Hindi

Dr. Anjlee Agarwal

She/her
Gender & WASH

Co-founder & Executive Director, Samarthyam (Centre for Universal Accessibility), Co-founder, Asia Pacific Network for Accessibility (APNA)

Languages

English, Hindi

About

Dr. Anjlee Agarwal, She/Her, Designation: Co-founder & Executive Director, Samarthyam (Centre for Universal Accessibility), Co-founder, Asia Pacific Network for Accessibility (APNA) Text: Dr. Anjlee Agarwal, co-founder of Samarthyam (1991), is a leading universal accessibility and inclusive mobility specialist with 33+ years of experience. Her expertise spans accessibility, mobility, and WASH, making her a respected researcher, author, and advocate for equity.

She bridges policy gaps through the NITI Aayog CSO Standing Committee and is a master trainer with global experience on capacity-building, gender, SRHR, and disability-inclusive WASH. Her work has earned UN recognition and a National Award (2003). With a PhD on accessibility as a human right, she empowers women with disabilities and is recognized as a Transformative Leader for an Accessible World. Contact:
https://www.samarthyam.com/

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